Englisch Vokabeln und Grammatik: Grundlagen im Überblick

Englisch Vokabeln und Grammatik: Grundlagen

Saisonzeiten und Wetter

Sommer = Summer, Herbst = Autumn/Fall;
Winter = Winter, Frühling = Spring.

Wetter (Weather):
Rainy = regnerisch, Snowy = verschneit (Nevado), Cloudy = bewölkt;
Sunny = sonnig, Hot = heiß (Heat), Cold = kalt;
Windy = windig, Warm-temperate = warm-gemäßigt;
Cool = kühl.

Verkehrsmittel (Transport)

Car = Auto, Plane = Flugzeug, Truck = LKW;
Train = Zug, Metro = U-Bahn, Taxi = Taxi;
Motorcycle = Motorrad, Bike = Fahrrad;
Ship/Boat = Schiff, Bus = Autobus.

Zukunft: Will-Future

Positiv: Subjekt + will + Verb;
Negativ: Subjekt + will not oder won't + Verb;

Will-Future: Fragen

Fragen (Q): Will + Subjekt + Verb?
Kurze Antworten (A):
Ja: Yes + Subjekt + will;
Nein: No + Subjekt + won't;

Zukunft: Going-to-Future

Positiv: Subjekt + be (am/is/are) + going to + Verb.

• I + am + going to + Verb.
• He, She, It + is + going to + Verb.
• You, We, They + are + going to + Verb.

Negativ: Subjekt + be + not + going to + Verb.

Going-to-Future: Fragen

Fragen: Am/Is/Are + Subjekt + going to + Verb?
Antwort (Ja oder Nein):
Ja: Yes + Subjekt + am/is/are.
Nein: No + Subjekt + am/is/are + not.

Essen und Lebensmittel (Food)

Soup = Suppe, Fish = Fisch, Salad = Salat;
Sandwich = Sandwich, Bread = Brot (Pan), Meat = Fleisch;
Fruit = Obst, Chicken = Huhn, Milk = Milch;
Tomato = Tomate, Onion = Zwiebel, Orange juice = Orangensaft.

Technologische Objekte

• Mobile phone = Handy
• Camera = Kamera
• Fridge = Kühlschrank
• Sound system = Stereoanlage
• Air conditioning = Klimaanlage
• Kettle = Wasserkocher (Teekanne)
• Alarm clock = Wecker
• Laptop = Laptop
• Washing machine = Waschmaschine
• Microwave = Mikrowelle

Modalverben und Höflichkeit (Manners)

• Subjekt + Can (können/könnten)
• Subjekt + Can't (nicht können)
• Subjekt + Should (sollten - Empfehlung)
• Subjekt + Shouldn't (sollten nicht)
• Subjekt + Must (müssen - Verpflichtung)
• Subjekt + Mustn't (nicht dürfen - Verbot/Verpflichtung)

Fragestellung: Die Reihenfolge ändert sich: Can, Can't, Could, Shouldn't, Must + Subjekt.

Possessivformen

Possessivadjektive:
I = My, You = Your, He = His, She = Her, It = Its, We = Our, They = Their.

Possessivpronomen:
I = Mine, You = Yours, He = His, She = Hers, It = Its, We = Ours, They = Theirs.

Objektpronomen

I = Me, You = You, He = Him, She = Her, It = It, We = Us, They = Them.

Beispiele:
"She is nice. I like her."
"They study. I study with them."